Buddhist Dictionary Of Sanskrit - Tibetan - Chinese - Japanese - Vietnamese - Korean - Pali - English Buddhism Terms (CloudMonk.io)
Buddhist Dictionary of Sanskrit - Tibetan - Chinese - Japanese - Vietnamese - Korean - Pali - English Buddhism Terms
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Additional Reference Material for Entries:
The reference material for each entry includes the following sections:
CH lists one or more Chinese equivalents, giving the romanization in pinyin followed by the characters.
SKT lists one or more Sanskrit equivalents.
PALI lists one or more Pali equivalents.
REF References to the topic which can be found in Buddhist Text Translation Society publications.
NOTES:
While general terms in English are often given in the plural, e.g. demons, they are sometimes expressed in Sanskrit or Pali using the singular or stem form. Some Sanskrit and Pali plurals are cited in stem form and others are not.
Not every Sanskrit, Pali, or Chinese citation is the exact equivalent of the English term, but is given with the intention of providing the closest relevant term in those languages.
A
abbot 方丈
CH fang zhang 方丈, zhu chi 住持
SKT vihārasvāmin
Abhidharma 阿毗達摩
CH a bi da mo 阿毗達摩, lun 論
SKT abbidharma
PALI abbidhamma
REF FAS-PII 97-108.
Amitābha (Buddha) 阿彌陀] ([[佛)
CH a mi to fo 阿彌陀] ([[佛) (Jap. 'amida')
SKT amitābha (amitāyus)
REF AS 10-11, 20; UW 28-29, 131-135,215-217; SM IV 53; SM V 10-11.
Amitābha Sutra 阿彌陀][[經
CH (fo shuo) a mi to jing (佛說) 阿彌陀][[經
SKT *sukhāvatī-vyūhasūtra
REF AS.
Ānanda (Venerable) 阿難 (尊者)
CH a nan (zun zhe) 阿難 (尊者)
SKT ānanda
PALI ānanda
REF FAS-PI (S[[eventh]] Door, ms.); AS 91-92; SS I 24-26; DFS II 124; DFS VIII 1500-1510.
Anuttara-Samyak-Saṃbodhi 阿耨多羅三藐三菩提
CH a nou duo luo san miao san pu ti 阿耨多羅三藐三菩提, wu shang zheng deng zheng jue 無上正等正覺
SKT Anuttarasamyak-Saṃbodhi
PALI Anuttarasammā-Sambodhi
REF FAS Ch16, 22; DFS IV 519; DFS VII 1305.
Arhat 阿羅漢
CH a luo han 阿羅漢
SKT arhat, arhant, arhanta
PALI arahat
REF DFS VII 1371-2, 1449-50; DFS X 52; TT 47; EDR II 57-58; FAS Ch16 28-31; SS I 107-109; AS 66; VBS #196 4-5.
Asaṅga (Bodhisattva) 無著 (菩薩)
CH wu zhao 無著
SKT asaṅga
REF HD 9-12; UW 1-3.
asaṅkhyeya / asaṃkhyeya 阿僧祇
CH a seng qi 阿僧祇
SKT asaṅkhyeya, asaṃkhyeya
PALI asankheyya
asura 阿修羅
CH a xiu luo 阿修羅
SKT asura
PALI asura
REF TD 42-44; SS IV 239-242, V 135, VII 239-243; TT 47, 57-58; VBS (May 1970) 34-37.
attachment 執著
CH zhi zhao 執著
SKT abhiniveśa
PALI abhinivesa
REF EDR II 131-132.
Avalokiteśvara (Bodhisattva) 觀世音 (菩薩)
CH guan yin 觀音, guan shi yin 觀世音, guan zi zai (pu sa) 觀自在 (菩薩)
SKT avalokiteśvara
avīci hell 阿鼻地獄
CH a bi di yu 阿鼻地獄, wu jian di yu 無間地獄
SKT avīci naraka / niraya
PALI avīci niraya
B
Baozhi (Chan Master) 寶誌 (禪師)
CH bao zhi (chan shi) 寶誌 (禪師)
REF DFS IX 1708-1710
Bhikshu 比丘
CH bi qiu 比丘
SKT bhikṣu
PALI bhikkhu
REF EDR I 166-167; FAS Ch11 106-116; FAS Ch16 30-31; SS I 63-64; SS V 148-149; DFS II 181, 345; DFS IX 1683-1685.
Bhikshuni 比丘尼
CH bi qiu ni 比丘尼
SKT bhikṣuṇī
PALI bhikkhuni
REF See refrences for Bhikshu.
blessings 福報
CH fu 福, fu bao 福報
SKT puṇya[-phala]
PALI puñña
REF S42 23-27; DFS 1080-1081; UW 77; PS 133-134, 194.
bodhi 菩提
CH pu ti 菩提
SKT bodhi
PALI bodhi
REF SS I 180-181; SS III 135-137, 196-197; FAS Ch24 63.
Bodhidharma (Patriarch) 菩提達摩 (祖師)
CH pu ti da mo (zu shi) 菩提達摩 (祖師)
SKT bodhidharma
REF VBS #169 (June, 1984), pp. 1-3, 12; PS 8-16; SS VII 54-55.
Bodhi Resolve (bringing forth) 發菩提心
CH fa pu ti xin 發菩提心
SKT bodhicittotpāda
REF "Essay on Exhortation to Bring Forth the Bodhi Resolve" BTTS ms.; FAS Ch6 178-179, Ch17; EDR VIII 67-102.
Bodhisattva 菩薩
CH pu sa 菩薩, pu ti sa duo 菩提薩馱
SKT Bodhisattva
PALI bodhisatta
REF HS 95-97, DFS II 301-2; DS 5-6; TD 27-29; HD 13; EDR II 70-72; UW 25-26; FAS-PI 51-54; FAS Ch9 44-45; FAS Ch11 39; SS I 107; SS VI 48-55; AS 98-99.
bowing 禮拜
CH bai 拜, li bai 禮拜, ding li 頂禮
SKT vandana
PALI vandana
REF WM 38-39; SV 57; UW 18-25; PDS "Seven Types of Bowing: What Happens When People Bow"; WOH; TS.
Brahma Net Sutra 梵網經
CH fan wang jing 梵網經 (a) T. 21, (b) T. 1484
SKT Brahmajāla-sūtra (not extant)
PALI Brahmajāla-sutta (not extant)
REF (b) BNS 2 vols.
Budai (Venerable) 布袋 (和尚)
CH bu dai (he shang) 布袋 (和尚)
Buddha 佛
CH fo 佛, fo tuo 佛陀], fo tuo ye [[佛陀][[耶
SKT Buddha
PALI Buddha
REF LY I 13, DFS VI 1124-5, 1131; TD 26-27; VS 141-142; DFS Ch2, 8,9; UW 25-26; FAS Ch24 20-22ff, 58-60; FAS-PI 149-150, 155; FAS Ch7 3-5, 14-15, 33-34; SS II 166-167; AS 2-5.
Buddhaland 佛土
CH fo du 佛土
SKT Buddhakṣetra
PALI Buddhakhetta
Buddha-nature 佛性
CH fo xing 佛性
SKT Buddhatā, Buddhabhāva, Buddhatva
PALI Buddhatā, Buddhabhāva, Buddhatta
REF SS IV 108ff; DFS V (Ch4 'Belief and Understanding'); NS.
Buddhism / Buddha Dharma 佛教 / 佛法
CH fo jiao 佛教, fo fa 佛法
SKT Buddha Dharma
PALI Buddhadhamma
REF FAS Ch9 93; "The Kennedys Request a Lecture," VBS, May 1970, 30-38; FAS PII 129; PS 121.
Buddhist sects 宗派
CH zong pai 宗派
C
causation 因緣
CH yin yuan 因緣
SKT betu-pratyaya
PALI betu-paccaya
REF DFS V 936-939; CL II 27 (=SPV Ch5); FHS 1 22-32 (The Buddha Speaks the Sutra on Cause and Effect); BRF 52; SPV 128-9; EDR II 123, 130-131 (Nāgārjuna); WM 41, 47-49; SS VII; TT 33-35, 131 par 1; SM I 95; EDR VI 215; FAS Ch7 11; FAS Ch22 "Second Ground"; SS II 47 (finger pointing at the moon), 112 (par 2); AS 30.
certification 證 / 證明 / 證得
CH zheng 證, zheng ming 證明, zheng de 證得
SKT prāpti sakṣat-kṛti
Changren (Chan Master) 常仁 (禪師)
CH chang ren (chan shi) 常仁 (禪師)
REF RL I; VBS #201, 15; WM 14-41.
Changzhi (Chan Master) 常智 (禪師)
CH chang zhi (chan shi) 常智 (禪師)
Chan School 禪宗
CH chan zong 禪宗
REF LY II 14-17; WM 70-73; SE 65-70.
compassion 慈悲
CH ci bei 慈悲
SKT maitrī, karuṇā
PALI mettā, karuṇā
REF AS7-8.
Consciousness-Only School 唯識宗
CH wei shi zong 唯識宗
SKT vijñānavāda (yogācāra)
REF HD; FAS-PII(2) 79- 89; "The Transformation of Consciousness into Wisdom: the Path of the Bodhisattva according to the Cheng Weishi Lun, VBS #176, 177, 178 (Jan.-Mar. 1985).
cosmology 宇宙論
CH yu zhou lun 宇宙論
REF FAS Ch5; SPV 53-60, 139-143.
creation (world and humans) 生
CH sheng 生, sheng zao 生造
SKT jāti
PALI jāti
REF TD; TT51-53, 149-151; FAS Ch24 116-120; SS IV 13 ff; Nirvana Sutra lecture, 8-18-85; VBS #95, 25-28.
cultivation 修行
CH xiu xing 修行
SKT caryā, bhāvanā
PALI cariya, bhāvanā
REF EDR VII 152-153; FAS Ch15 30ff; FAS Ch5-6 89-90; TT 43.
D
Daosheng (Venerable) 道生 (法師)
CH dao sheng (fa shi) 道生 (法師)
REF WM 71-73, VS 151-152; FAS-PII(2) 145-149.
demons 魔
CH mo 魔, mo luo 魔羅
SKT māra
PALI māra
REF SS I 175 SS VIII, UW 122-123, 206-207; TT 66, Unpublished lecture by Ven. Master Hua, July 29, 1985, Venerable Master Hua's Talks on Dharma III 107-113; Lethcoe, Nancy, "Māra, Buddhas, and Bodhisattvas." VBS #14 (May, 1971) 22-25; #16 (July, 1971) 36-38; #18 (Sept., 1971) 23-26.
Devadatta 提婆達多
CH ti po da duo 提婆達多
SKT Devadatta
PALI Devadatta
REF DFS X (Ch 1 2 "Devadatta"); FAS-PII(3) 78-79; VBS #196 4-5; VBS #197 4-5.
dhāraṇī 陀][[羅尼
CH tuo luo ni 陀][[羅尼
SKT dhāraṇī
REF DS 1, 73.
Dhāraṇī Sutra 陀][[羅尼經
CH tuo luo ni jing 陀][[羅尼經
SKT dhāraṇī-sūtra
REF DS.
Dharma / dharma 法
CH fa 法
SKT dharma
PALI dhamma
REF FAS-PII(1) 97-99; FAS PII(2) 100; FAS Ch15 1-2 VBS #179 6-7; DFS I 14ff 28,30,31,7,8; DFS II 132; DFS I 39; HS 51; HD 26.
Dharma door 法門
CH fa men 法門
SKT dharma-mukha dharma-paryāya
PALI dhamma-pariyāya
Dharma-Ending Age 末法時代
CH mo fa shi dai 末法時代
SKT saddharma-vipralopa-kāla, saddharmasya antardhāna-kāla-samaya
PALI saddhammassa-antaradhāna
REF BRF 17-19; SE 62-64; UW 135; SS I xiv-xvi; VBS #152 (Jan. 1983) "Buddha Speaks the Surra of Changes to Come" (T. 395).
Dharma Flower (Lotus) Sutra 法華經
CH fa hua jing 法華經, miao fa lian hua jing, 妙法蓮華經 T. 262.
SKT saddharmapuṇḍarīka-sūtra
REF DFS.
Dharma Master 法師
CH fa shi 法師
SKT dharma-bhāṇaka, dharma-kathika, upādhyāya
PALI dhamma-bhāṇaka, dhamma-kathika, upajjhāya
REF DFS 166.
Dharma-protector 護法
CH hu fa 護法
SKT dharma-pāla
PALI dhamma-pāla
Dharma Realm 法界
CH fa jie 法界
SKT dharma-dhātu
PALI dhamma-dhātu
REF TD 57-61; EDR I 218.
Dharma transmission 傳法
CH chuan fa 傳法
E
Earth Store (Bodhisattva) 地藏 (菩薩)
CH di zang (wang) pu sa 地藏 (王) 菩薩
SKT kṣitigarbha
REF SPV, TT 136.
Eight Consciousnesses 八識
CH ba shi 八識
SKT aṣṭa-vijñānāni
REF HD 30-33; EDR IV 26-28; VBS #331-342 (Dec. 1997-Nov. 1998) "Verses Delineating the Eight Consciousnesses."
Eighteen Realm 十八界
CH shi ba jie 十八界
SKT aṣṭādaśa-dhātavaḥ
PALI aṭṭhārasa-dhātuyo
REF HD 31; HS 56-59; PS 334-335.
Eightfold Division of Ghost and Spirits 天龍八部
CH tian long ba bu 天龍八部, ba bu zhong 八部眾, long sheng ba bu 龍神八部
SKT devanāgayakṣa-gandharvāsuragaruḍakinnara-mahoraga
REF DFS IV 562, VII 1233-1235, 1254-1257, IX 1675-1678.
Eightfold Path 八正道
CH ba zheng dao 八正道, ba sheng dao 八聖道
SKT (ārya) aṣṭāṅgika-mārga
PALI (ariyo) aṭṭangika-maggo
REF HS 87-88, DFS IV 663-670; AS 125-128.
Eight Winds 八風
CH ba feng 八風
REF HS 18-20; FAS Ch26 II 158.
Eighty-eight Deluded Viewpoints 八十八品見惑
CH ba shi ba pin jian huo 八十八品見惑, ba shi ba pin jian fen 八十八品見分
SKT darśana-heya
REF HS 123-124; S42 8.
Eighty-four Thousand Dharma-Doors 八萬四千法門
CH ba wan si qian fa men 八萬四千法門
SKT catvāry-aśītidharma-skandhasahasrāṇi
PALI caturāsīti sahassāni dhammā
REF TT 107-108.
Eighty-one Cognitive Delusions 八十一品思惑
CH ba shi yi pin si huo 八十一品思惑
SKT bhāvanā-mārga-prahātavya-kleśa, bhāvanā-heya
REF HS 123-124.
Eleven Benefita from Making Images of Buddhas 造像十一種功德
CH zao xiang shi yi zhong gong de 造像十一種功德
emptiness 空
CH kong 空, shun ruo duo 舜若多
SKT śūnyatā
PALI suññatā
REF HS 21-23, 57; FAS-PII(2) 93-94, 102, 106; FAS PII(3) 68 69; PS Ch2.
Enlightenment 悟
CH wu 悟, jue wu 覺悟, kai wu 開悟
SKT bodhi
PALI bodhi
REF SS I 38-39; SS VI 48-55; DFS IV 519; EDR I 96; FAS-VP 40; FAS-PII(1) 232-234.
Upaya Paramita - Expedient Dharma - Skillful Means
#redirect Upaya Paramita - Expedient Dharma - Skillful Means
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expedient Dharmas 方便法
CH fang bian fa 方便法, quan qiao fang bian 權巧方便
SKT upāya-kuśala / upāya-kauśalya
PALI upāya-kosalla
REF EDR V 79-80, 220-221; FAS Ch15 46ff (Dwelling in the Endowment of Skill-in-Means); SS V 194.
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F
Faith
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faith 信
CH xin 信
SKT śraddhā
PALI saddhā
REF WM 53-54; FAS-PI 184; FAS-PII(1) 139-140; FAS Ch11 184, Ch22 4-6; AS 24; HD 44.
filial piety (respect for all) 孝 / 孝道
CH xiao 孝, xiao dao 孝道
REF FHS I 1,8,63,65,68; FHS II 17,30, 81-109; SPV 9, 18-20, 22-23, 80,88, 103-4; UW 115-116; BNS 6O.
Five Contemplations when Eating 食存五觀
CH shi cun wu guan 食存五觀
REF SV 54-56.
Five Desires 五欲
CH wu yu 五欲
SKT pañca-kāma-guṇāḥ
PALI pañca-kāma-guṇā
REF S42 47, 48-54, 57, 62-63, 61; FAS Ch11 99.
Five Eyes 五眼
CH wu yan 五眼
SKT pañca-cakṣus
PALI pañca-cakkhūni
REF SPV 69-70; SM II 89-90; SM III 35, 84-85; VS 106-107, 122-123; AS 6-7.
Five Moral Precepts 五戒
CH wu jie 五戒
SKT pañca-śīlāni
PALI pañca-śīla
REF BRF 59-61; DFS II 211; DFS V 902-3; S42 75-76 (precepts); TT 58; SV 14-29; BNS I 73-97; FAS Ch26(2) 4,10,17,20, 25-26, 28.
Five Skandhas 五陰 / 五蘊
CH wu yin / wu yun 五陰 / 五蘊
SKT skandha, pañcopādāna-skandha
PALI panc'upādāna-kkhandha
FORM:
CH se / shai 色
SKT rūpa
PALI rūpa
FEELING:
CH shou 受
SKT vedanā
PALI vedanā
COGNITION:
CH xiang 想
SKT saṃjñā
PALI saññā
FORMATIONS:
CH xing 行
SKT saṃskārāḥ
PALI sankhārā
CONSCIOUSNESS
CH shi 識
SKT vijñāna
PALI vijññāṇa
REF HS 24-28, 4l-48 LY II 103-104, 223-225; SS III 4-24; SS VIII.
Five Turbidities 五濁
CH wu zhuo 五濁, wu zhuo e shi 五濁惡世
SKT pañca-kasāya
PALI pañca-kasāya
REF DFS III 425; SPV 32-3; SS III 205-207; SS IV 144-151, 256-257; AS 149-150.
Five Types of Buddhist Study and Practice 五大宗
CH wu da zong 五大宗, wu jiao 五教
TEACHINGS:
CH jiao zong 教宗
MORAL REGULATIONS:
CH lü zong 律宗
SKT vinaya
PALI vinaya
ESOTERIC:
CH mi zong 密宗
SKT tantra, mantrayāna, vajrayāna
MEDITATION:
CH chan zong 禪宗 [Jap. zen
SKT dhyāna
PALI jhāna
PURE LAND:
CH jing du zong 淨土宗
REF FAS Ch26 II 113-114; WM 16-19, 70-77; RH 230-231; VBS #12 (March, 1971) 32ff; VBS #185, 186 "Pure Land Dharma Door," Oct.-Nov. 1985.
Flower Adornment Sutra (大方廣佛) 華嚴經
CH hua yan jing 華嚴經, da fang guang fo hua yan jing 大方廣佛華嚴經
SKT Avataṃsaka-sūtra, mahāvaipulya-buddhāvataṃsaka-sūtra
REF The BTTS has published the FAS in four different series: (1)FASP and FASVP, (2)FAS, (3)EDR, (4)UW. For general comments, see EDR VII 13-14; FAS-VP xv-xvi.
Four Applications of Mindfulness 四念處
CH si nian chu 四念處
SKT smṛtyupasthāna, catvāri-smṛtyupasthānāni
PALI satipaṭṭhāna
REF HS 88; VBS #11 19-24; DFS IV 608, 760ff; DFS V 940-943; FAS-PII(1) 59-65; AS 56-59.
Four Dhyānas 四禪
CH si chan 四禪, si jing lü 四靜慮
SKT dhyāna, catur-dhyāna
PALI jhāna
REF SS VII 207-229; LY II 75-6; DFS IV 706ff; SPV 55-60; DFS X 5-6; TT 104-107; EDR I 225; EDR VIII 13-14; FAS-PII 29-30; FAS Ch26(2) 109-112; SS I 15.
Fourfold Assembly 四眾
CH si zhong 四眾, si zhong di zi 四眾弟子
SKT catasraḥ-parṣadaḥ
PALI catur-parisā
Four Formless Realms 四無色界
CH si kong chu 四空處, si wu se / shai jie 四無色界, si wu se / shai ding chu 四無色定處
SKT catur-arūpyaBrahmaloka
REF SS VII 129-238; DFS IV 708; SPV 60; DFS X 6; EDR I 225; FASP II 29-30; FAS Ch26(2) 109.
Four Great Elements 四大
CH si da 四大
SKT mahābhūta
PALI mahābhūta
REF HD 64; SS IV 22-25, 144. 148.
Four Great Vows 四弘誓願
CH si hong shi yuan 四弘誓願
SKT catvāri-mahā-praṇidhāna
REF DFS IV 788-795; LY I 17; PS 178-182.
Four Holy Truths 四聖諦
CH si di 四諦, si sheng di 四聖諦
SKT ārya-satyāni, catvāry-ārya-satyāni
PALI ariya-sacca, catur ariya-saccāni
SUFFERING:
CH ku 苦
SKT duḥkha
PALI dukkha
ORIGINATION:
CH ji 集
SKT samudaya
PALI samudaya
CESSATION:
CH mie 滅
SKT nirodha
PALI nirodha
PATH:
CH dao 道
SKT mārga
PALI magga
REF DFS III 504; HS 68-70. 78-84; FASP II(2) 45-47; FAS Ch8 (esp pp. 1-3 – Four Holy Truths Chapter); TD 13-14; VHS #206 6.
Four Unlimited Aspects of Mind 四無量心
CH si wu liang xin 四無量心
SKT catvāry-apramāṇāni, brāhma-vihāra
PALI appamaññā, Brahma-vihāra
KINDNESS:
CH ci 慈
SKT maitrī
PALI mettā
COMPASSION:
CH bei 悲
SKT karuṇā
PALI karuṇā
JOY:
CH xi 喜
SKT muditā
PALI muditā
EQUANIMITY:
CH she 捨
SKT upekṣā
PALI upekkhā
G
Gautama / Gotama (Buddha) 瞿曇 (佛)
CH ju tan (fo) 瞿曇 (佛), qiao da mo 喬答摩
SKT gautama
PALI gotama
ghosts 鬼
CH gui 鬼, e gui 餓鬼
SKT preta
PALI peta
REF SS VII 155-175, SPV 65-6; TD 50-52; HD 83-84; EDR III 26-27; PS 83; SS VII 155-176.
God 上帝 / 天主
CH shang di 上帝, tian zhu 天主
SKT īśvara
PALI issara
REF FAS ChI4 (lecture Oct 5-6, 1975).
gods 天人
CH tian 天, tian ren 天人, shen 神
SKT devāḥ, devaputrāḥ
PALI devā, devaputta
REF SPV 209-10; UW 220-224; FASP II(2) 141-144; FAS Ch11 69-72; SS VII 198-238.
gongfu (kungfu) 功夫
CH gong fu 功夫
Good and Wise Advisor 善知識
CH shan zhi shi 善知識
SKT kalyāṇamitra
PALI kalyāṇa-mitta
REF LYI 50-2; PS 112-114; EDR II xii-xiv, 2-3, 6-7, 83-84; FAS Ch24 42-43; PB I (intro pp:); EDR IV 113; EDR V 69-71; EDR VI 82-83; EDR VII 11, 142ff-155; "What Is a Good Advisor?" Venerable Master Hua's Talks on Dharma VIII 75-79; VBS #198 2.
good roots 善根
CH shan gen 善根
SKT kuśala-mūlāni
PALI kusala-mūla
REF VS 50; DFS Ch3 753.
Great Compassion Mantra 大悲咒
CH da bei zhou 大悲咒
SKT mahākāruṇā-dhāraṇī, mahākāruṇikahṛdaya-dhāraṇī
REF TT 133; DS 30-39, 40-43, 60-66, 135ff; Great Compassion Mantra Verses; Dharma Talks in Europe 76-83.
H
Hanshan and Shide (Bodhisattvas) 寒山拾得 (大士)
CH han shan shi de (da shi) 寒山拾得 (大士)
REF UW 139-141; VBS #27 1, #17 37, #28 1, #60 70-73 ("Poetry of Shih-Te" by James M. Hargett), #200 11.
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Heart Sutra 心經
CH bo re bo luo mi duo xin jing 般若波羅蜜多心經
SKT Prajñā-pāramitā-hṛdaya-sūtra
REF HS.
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hells 地獄
CH di yu 地獄
SKT naraka, niraya
PALI naraka, niraya
REF SPV 84-6, 141-3; TD 52-54; FASVP 24; SS VII 109-155.
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Huayan School 華嚴宗
CH hua yan zong 華嚴宗 [Jap. Kegon]
REF FASP.
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Huineng (Chan Master / Patriarch) 惠能 (禪師 / 祖師)
CH hui neng (chan shi / zu shi) 惠能 (禪師 / 祖師)
REF PS; VBS #174 1.
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I
ignorance 無明
CH wu ming 無明
SKT avidyā
PALI avijjā
REF DFS III 374.
impermanence 無常
CH wu chang 無常
SKT anitya
PALI anicca
REF TT 110, 111 (2 verses) SS II 24-36 (text only); NS Ch. 2 Pt. 1 24-25 and lectures.
K
kalpa 劫
CH jie 劫, jie bo 劫波
SKT kalpa
PALI kappa
karma 業
CH ye 業
SKT karma
PALI kamma
REF FHS I 22-32 (Sutra of Cause and Effect in the Three Periods of Time); SPV 101-102; SS I 172-173; SS II 139-159.
Kumārajīva (Tripiṭaka Master) 鳩摩羅什 (三藏法師)
CH jiu mo luo shi (san zang fa shi) 鳩摩羅什 (三藏法師)
SKT kumārajīva
REF DFS I 57-66 VS 12-13; BNS I 36-37; AS 44-48 VBS #23 1; RHS 26-42.
L
liberating living beings 放生
CH fang sheng 放生
REF FHS I 27; DFS IX 1601-2; CL II 15, 59 (=BNS 20th minor); BNS I 162-5 FAS Ch8 76-77; RH 186-198 Hsuan Hua (Ven. Master) "Developing our Compassion by Liberating Living Beings," PDS (May 1985); "To Atone for Killing Karma Liberate the Living Instead," VBS #147 Aug. 1982) 13-17.
lineage 宗派 / 法脈
CH zong pai 宗派, fa mai 法脈
living beings 眾生
CH zhong sheng 眾生, you qing 有情
SKT sattva
PALI satta
REF EDR V 136-7; Vs 40-41; SS IV 36-38; SS VI 165-180; UW 7-8; FASVP 6O-61; DFS IV 789-790.
lotus posture 雙跏趺坐
CH shuang jia fu zuo 雙跏趺坐, jie jia fu zuo, 結跏趺坐, lian hua zuo* 蓮花坐
SKT padmāsana
REF TD 63-67; FAS Ch11 127-131, 244-245; SS I 98-99; LY I 70-75; DFS IX 1716-17, 1722-1727.
love 愛 / 貪愛 / 愛欲
CH ai 愛, tan ai 貪愛, ai yu 愛欲
SKT tṛṣṇā
PALI taṇhā
REF S42 40, 48; FAS Ch9 32-34.
M
Madhyamaka / Mādhyamika 中觀論 (派)
CH zhong guan lun (pai) 中觀論 (派)
SKT madhyamaka[-śāstra / Mādhyamika
mahā 摩訶
CH mo he 摩訶
SKT mahā
PALI mahā / maha
Mahākāśyapa (Venerable) 摩訶迦葉 (尊者)
CH mo he jia she (zun zhe) 摩訶迦葉 (尊者)
SKT mahākāśyapa (sthavira)
PALI mahākassapa (thera)
REF AS 75-80; DFS V 869-872; DFS VI 1105-1116; EDR I 220; SS IV 198, 202; SS V 39-43; VBS #165 (Jan. 1984) 1.
Mahāmaudgalyāyana (Venerable) 摩訶目犍連 (尊者)
CH mo he mu jian lian (zun zhe) 摩訶目犍連 (尊者)
SKT mahāmaudgalyāyana (sthavira)
PALI mahāmoggallāna (thera)
REF DFS V 872; DFS VI 1146-1162; EDR I 220; SS V 86-89; SS VII 86-87; AS 73-75.
Mahāsattva 摩訶薩
CH mo he sa 摩訶薩
SKT mahāsattva
PALI mahāsatta
Mahayana and Hinayana Compared 大乘小乘比較
CH (a) da cheng 大乘, (b) xiao cheng 小乘
SKT (a) mahāyāna, (b) hīnayāna
REF LY I 146-7, 150; FAS Ch3 (Mahayana); FAS-PII(1) 116-120; EDR I 198-199 (verse); SV 6-7.
Maitreya (Bodhisattva) 彌勒 (菩薩)
CH mi lei / le (pu sa) 彌勒 (菩薩)
SKT maitreya
PALI metteyya
REF DFS II 156, 351ff DFS IX 1584-87; AS 103-105; EDR VII 135; EDR VIII 19; SS V 111-119; VBS #172 10.
maṇḍala 曼陀][[羅
CH man tuo luo 曼陀][[羅
SKT maṇḍala
PALI maṇḍala
Mañjuśrī (Bodhisattva) 文殊師利 (菩薩) (Manjushri or Manjusri)
CH wen shu shi li (pu sa) 文殊師利 (菩薩)
SKT Mañjuśrī
REF DFS II 144ff; FAS Ch9 8-10; EDR I 161ff, 226-228; AS 99-103.
mantra 咒
CH zhou 咒
SKT mantra, dhāraṇi
PALI manta
REF HS 109-110, 116; SM I 37-40; RH.
meditation 坐禪 / 禪
CH zuo chan 坐禪, chan 禪
SKT dhyāna, bhāvanā
PALI jhāna, bhāvanā
REF PDS (May 1985) 2 "The Chan Practice...," TT 104ff; LYII 74ff; VBS #205ff "Chan Talks" series.
merit / merit and virtue 功德
CH gong de 功德
SKT puṇya, puṇya-guṇa
PALI puñña
REF PS 132-137; UW 9-10, 32, 76; TT 43.
Middle Way 中道
CH zhong dao 中道
SKT madhyama-pratipad
PALI Majjhima-pratipadā
REF WM 49; S42 55, 67.
mindfulness 念
CH nian 念
SKT smṛti, anusmṛti
PALI sati, anussati
REF FAS Ch22 (Treasury of Mindfulness).
moral precepts 戒 / 戒律
CH jie 戒, jie lü 戒律
SKT śīla, śikṣāpada
PALI sīla, sikkhāpada
REF SV; BNS I & II; TT 117,132; FAS Ch16 33-35; FAS Ch11 27; FAS Ch22 15-27; FAS Ch26(2) 5-6; SS I 12, 47; SS III 109; SS VI 9; SS VII 107-108; S42 76.
N
Nāgārjuna (Bodhisattva) 龍樹 (菩薩)
CH long shu (pu sa) 龍樹 (菩薩)
SKT nāgārjuna
REF FASVP 101-102.
namo 南無
CH na(n) mo 南無
SKT namas
PALI namo
Nirvana 涅槃
CH nie pan 涅槃, ni huan 泥洹
SKT nirvāṇa, mahāparinirvāṇa
PALI nibbāna, mahāparinibbāna
REF VS 429 (4 kinds); UW 157; DFS II 315-316 (3 kinds); DFS VII 1356 (2 kinds); SS I 180-181; SS IV 138-139, 244-245.
Nirvana Sutra 涅槃經
SKT Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra
PALI Mahāparinibbāna-suttanta
REF NS (ms).
no self 無我
CH wu wo 無我
SKT anātman
PALI anatta
REF FAS Ch22 141.
0
offerings 供 / 供養
CH gong 供, gong yang 供養
SKT pūjā
PALI pūjā
REF DFS II 288-289; DFS IX 1700-1701; VS 105-107; S42 23-27; UW 55-68, 142-144; Nirvana Sutra lecture on October 27, 1985 by Ven. Master Hua.
One Hundred Dharmas 百法
CH bai fa 百法
SKT śata-dharmāḥ
PALI sata-dhamma
REF HD, esp. 5, 26-29; HS 50; FASP II(3) 44ff.
One Thousand Hands and Eyes 千手千眼
CH qian shou qian yan 千手千眼
SKT sahasrabhujasahasranetra
REF Great Compassion Dharma Transmission Verses; DS 2-5, 24-25; SS V 178-179. VBS #197 3.
ordination 受具足戒
CH shou ju zu jie 受具足戒
SKT upasaṃpadā
PALI upasampadā
REF FAS Ch16 36-37.
outflows 漏
CH lou 漏
SKT āsrava
PALI āsava
REF AS 125; SM IV 44-45 FAS Ch9 10-15.
Pali 巴利文
CH ba li wen 巴利文, ba li yu 巴利語
SKT pāli
PALI pāli
pāramitā 波羅蜜多
CH bo luo mi (duo) 波羅蜜 (多), du 度
SKT pāramitā, pāramī
PALI pāramitā, pārami
REF PS 96-97; VS 7; SM III 8; SS I 9-10.
polluted thoughts 妄想
CH wang xiang 妄想
SKT parikalpa, vikalpa
PALI parikappa, vikappa
REF PS 98-99, 192-193; TT 38; FASP I 87.
Prajñā 般若
CH bo re 般若
SKT Prajñā
PALI Prajñā
REF PS 94-96; DFS X 24-25.
PratyekaBuddha 辟支佛
CH bi zhi fo 辟支佛, du jue / jiao 獨覺, yuan jue / jiao 緣覺
SKT PratyekaBuddha, pratyayaBuddha
PALI paccekaBuddha
REF TD 29-31, DFS II 300-301; FASP II(2) 57-58.
Pure Land 淨土
CH jing du 淨土
SKT sukhāvatī
REF PS 140-145; FASP I 116f.
Q
Qingliang Chengguan (National Master) 清涼澄觀 (國師)
CH qing liang cheng guan (guo shi) 清涼澄觀 (國師)
REF UW xx-xxi, xxiii; FASVP 15-18; FASP I 221-230; VBS #35 1.
R
ranking the teachings 判教
CH pan jiao 判教
REF FASVP 51-54; FASP II(1) 156ff; FASP II(2) (entire volume); FASP III (entire volume); BNS 134-35; Dharma Talks in Europe 9ff.
rebirth 生 / 再生
CH sheng 生, zaisheng 再生
SKT jāti, pratisaṃdhi
PALI jāti, paṭisandhi
REF CL II 81; HS 38; FAS Ch16 44; SS IV 34-36; SS VII 96-97.
recitation of the Buddha's Name 念佛
CH nian fo 念佛
SKT buddhānusmṛti
PALI buddhānussati
REF LY I 1-47; LY II CPL; AS; FAS Ch22 56; EDR IV 152-153; SS V 126-129; PDS May, 1985, "Reciting the Name of Guanshiyin Bodhisattva"; "Nian fo fa men," unpublished lecture. December 16, 1985; Venerable Master Hua's Talks on Dharma III 2-41.
refuge with the Three Jewels 皈依三寶
CH gui yi san bao 皈依三寶
SKT tri-śaraṇa
PALI ti-saraṇa
REF PS 184-l87; UW 13; FAS Ch11 116-118; The True Meaning of Taking Refuge (entire volume).
relics 舍利
CH she li 舍利
SKT śarīra
PALI sarīra
REF HS 120.
repentance 懺悔
CH chan hui 懺悔
SKT vipratisāra, deśanā, kṣamāpaṇa, kaukṛtya
PALI vippaṭisāra, desanā, khamāpanā, kukkucca
REF PS 120, 176-178; WM 9-11; UW 30-31, 144-145; TT 87-96 (verse of repentance of Universal Worthy Bodhisattva); EDR VIII 2-4, 69-73; FASP II(3) 9-10; FAS Ch22 29-34 ("Treasury of Shame"), 35-41 ("Treasury of Remorse"); RH ("Repentance before the Eighty-Eight Buddhas").
S
Sagely City of Ten Thousand Buddhas 萬佛聖城
CH wan fo sheng cheng 萬佛聖城
Śakra 帝釋
CH di shi 帝釋, shi jia po 釋迦婆, i.e., yin tuo la 因陀][[羅 (Indra)
SKT śakra
PALI sakka
Śākyamuni (Buddha) 釋迦牟尼 (佛)
CH shi jia mou ni (fo) 釋迦牟尼 (佛)
SKT śākyamuni
PALI sakyamuni
REF SM VI (ms.) DFS VII, XIV (Ch20), III 319; EDR VII 111; A5 8.
samadhi 三昧 / 三摩地 / 定
CH san mei 三昧, san mo di 三摩地, ding 定
SKT samādhi
PALI samādhi
REF TT 127-8; EDR I 12; EDR VII 60; FAS Ch11 131-133; SS II 121-122; SS VI 13-14.
saṃsāra 流轉 / 生死 / 輪迴
CH liu zhuan 流轉, sheng si 生死, lun hui 輪迴
SKT saṃsāra
PALI saṃsāra
Sangha 僧伽
CH seng qie 僧伽
SKT saṅgha, saṃgha
PALI Sangha
REF DFS IV 666-667; PDS "The So-Called Lay Sangha in America."
Sanskrit 梵文
CH fan wen 梵文, fan yu 梵語
SKT saṃskṛta
Śāriputra (Venerable) 舍利弗 (尊者)
CH she li fu (zun zhe) 舍利弗 (尊者), she li zi 舍利子
SKT śāriputra (sthavira)
PALI sāriputta (thera)
REF AS 69-71; HS 33-34, 120-121; DFS Ch2 107-109; EDR I 219; SS V 62-64.
śāstra 論
CH lun 論
SKT śāstra
REF HD 6-8.
Six Desire Heavens 六欲天
CH liu yu tian 六欲天
SKT ṣaṭ kāmāvacarā devalokāḥ
REF SS VII 198-207; SPV 25-26, 53-55.
Six Pāramitās 六波羅蜜 / 六度
CH liu bo luo mi 六波羅蜜, liu du 六度
SKT ṣaṭ pāramitā
PALI pāramitā, pārami
REF LY II 2-3; HS 90-1; DFS II 131ff, 242-254, 350-353; DFS X 5-32, 41-43; EDR V 72-79; 212-220; EDR VIII 132-133, 140-141 (patience); FASP II(1) 112-115; FASP II(2) 36-40; VS 94ff, 102 (photo) (patience – King of Kalinga); S42 38-39 (patience); TT 143-144 (patience); SS I 6-17; AS 4; FAS Ch15 31-33; FAS Ch11 16-27, 31-39, 75-78, 81-83; FAS Ch22 53-96 (Treasury of Giving).
Six Paths of Rebirth 六道輪迴
CH liu dao lun hui 六道輪迴, liu qu 六趣
SKT ṣaḍ-gatyāḥ (shad gati)
REF SS V 135; HD 83; TD 39-54; VBS #206 7.
Six Principles of the Sagely City of Ten Thousand Buddhas 萬佛聖城六大宗旨
CH wan fo sheng cheng liu da zhong zhi 萬佛聖城六大宗旨
REF Talks on Dharma by the Venerable Master Hua VIII 107-127; "Chan Talks #1," VBS #205 (June, 1987) 15, 19; "Chan Talks #9," VBS #211 (Dec. 1987) 13-14.
Six Spiritual Powers 六神通
CH liu shen tong 六神通
SKT abhijñā, ṣaḍ-abhijñāḥ
PALI abhiññā, chaḷabhiññā
REF SPV 26-27; DFS IV 808-815; DFS VII 1292-1297; (outflows) DFS VII 1283-86; S42 35-36 (knowledge of past lies); HS 18; AS 5-6 FAS Ch26(2) 116-118.
Sixth Patriarch's Dharma Jewel Platform Sutra 六祖法寶壇經
CH liu zu fa bao tan jing 六祖法寶壇經
REF PS.
śramaṇa 沙門
CH sha men 沙門
SKT śramaṇa
PALI samaṇa
REF SV 44; DS 9; S42 1,3,10; EDR I 159.
śrāvaka 聲聞
CH sheng wen 聲聞
SKT śrāvaka
PALI sāvaka
REF DFS II 299; TD 33; S42 1, 3-9; FASP II(1) 115-116; FASP II(2) 57, 134-135.
suffering 苦
CH ku 苦
SKT duḥkha
PALI dukkha
REF UW 87-88; FASP II(1) 99-101; FAS Ch8 3-13; FAS Ch15 36-37; VBS #206 6.
Śūraṅgama Mantra 楞嚴咒
CH leng yan zhou 楞嚴咒
SKT śūraṅgama-mantra
REF SS VI 89-91; 91-103 (text); 113; TT 124-126; SM I (intro), 32-33, 97-101, SM III 34.
Śūraṅgama Sutra 大佛頂首楞嚴經
CH da fo ding shou leng yan jing 大佛頂首楞嚴經, 10 rolls (T. 845). Translated into Chinese by Paramiti and others in 705 C.E.
SKT śūraṅgama-Sutra
REF SS I-VIII; BRF 18-19; A Sure Sign of the Proper Dharma.
Sutra 經
CH jing 經, jing dian 經典
SKT sūtra
PALI sutta
REF SPV 21; HS 11-12; VS 8; S42 80; FASVP 37-38, FASP II(1) 7-26; AS 12-14.
Sutra in Forty-Two Sections 四十二章經
CH si shi er zhang jing 四十二章經
REF S42.
Sutra of the Past Vows of Earth Store Bodhisattva 地藏菩薩本願經
CH di zang pu sa ben yuan jing 地藏菩薩本願經
SKT kṣitigarbha-Bodhisattva-pūrvapraṇidāna-sūtra (no longer extant)*
REF SPV.
T
Tathāgatagarbha 如來藏
CH ru lai zang 如來藏
SKT Tathāgatagarbha
Ten Dharma Realms 十法界
CH shi fa jie 十法界
REF TD; HS 104-5; TT 46-49; FASVP 23-27; VBS #206 4.
Ten Grounds / Stages of the Bodhisattva Path 菩薩十地
CH pu sa shi di 菩薩十地
SKT daśabhūmayaḥ
PALI dasabhūmi
REF FAS Ch26(1), Ch26(2); EDR V 279-280; EDR VI 278; SS VII 62-69; "Transformation of Consciousness into Wisdom," VBS #176 22; VBS #177 15; VBS #178 14.
Ten Titles of a Buddha 佛之十號
CH fo zhi shi hao 佛之十號
REF FAS Ch7; SPV 121-123.
Ten Wholesome Deeds 十善
CH shi shan 十善
SKT daśa-kuśala-karma-patha, dala-kusalāni
PALI kusala-kamma-patha
REF S42 14-15; DFS X 6; FAS Ch26(2) 4-35.
Theravada Buddhism 南傳佛教
CH nan chuan fo jiao 南傳佛教, shang zuo bu 上座部
SKT sthavira-vāda
PALI theravāda
Thirty-two Major Physical Characteristics of a Buddha 佛三十二相
CH fo san shi er xiang 佛三十二相
SKT dvātriṃśan mahāpuruṣalakṣaṇa, dvātrimśad varalakṣaṇa
PALI dvattiṃsa mahāpurisalakkhaṇa
REF EDR I 189-190; EDR VI 212-213, 215; VS 85-86.
Three Aspects of Learning to Be without Outflows 三無漏學
CH san wu lou xue / xiao 三無漏學
REF TT 117ff.
Three Bodies of a Buddha / Three Types of Buddha Bodies 佛之三身
CH fo zhi san shen 佛之三身
SKT trikāya
PALI tikāya
REF PS 188-194; FASP II(3) 74-75; BNS I 11; EDR I 14; FAS Ch24 50-51. VBS #196 6.
Three Jewels 三寶
CH san bao 三寶
SKT triratna, ratna-traya
PALI tiratana, ratana-ttaya
Three Poisons 三毒
CH san du 三毒
SKT akuśala-mūlā
PALI akusala-mūlā
REF PS 4, TD 5-14.
Three Vehicles 三乘
CH san cheng 三乘
SKT triyāna
REF FASP II(1) 248-50,
Three Worlds 三界
CH san jie 三界
SKT triloka, tridhātu
PALI tiloka
REF TT 47; EDR VIII 218-219; FASP II(2) 139-141.
Thus Come One 如來
CH ru lai 如來
SKT Tathāgata
PALI Tathāgata
REF DFS IV 540; VS 141ff; EDR VIII 217-218; TD 26.
Tiantai School 天台宗
CH Tiantai zong 天台宗 [Jap. tendai]
REF DFS I 1-11; FASP II(1) 196-197.
time 時
CH shi 時
SKT kāla
PALI kāla
REF TT 6; EDR I 28-29; UW 219-220, 222; FAS Ch5-6 115-117; FAS Ch9 147-148; SS II 68-69 SS IV 147. 165-167; VS 124.
transference of merit 迴向
CH hui xiang 迴向
SKT pariṇāmana
PALI pariṇāmana
REF UW 38-39; FAS Ch9 26-28; EDR IV (Ten Transferences); FAS Ch25; RH 71, 82, 146-157, 158-162; SS VII 50-59 (Ten Transferences).
transformation bodies 化身
CH hua shen 化身
SKT nirmāṇakāya
Tripiṭaka 三藏
CH san zang 三藏
SKT Tripiṭaka
PALI tipiṭaka
REF HS 13, VS 11; UW 3; FASP II(1) 109-111; FAS Ch9 185.
Tripiṭaka Master 三藏法師
CH san zang fa shi 三藏法師
SKT Tripiṭaka-ācārya
PALI tipiṭaka-ācariya
Twelvefold Conditioned Arising 十二因緣
CH shi er yin yuan 十二因緣
SKT dvādaśāṅga nidāna, dvādaśāṅga pratītyasamutpāda
PALI nidāna, paṭicca-samuppāda
REF HS 61-65; SS IV 32-35; TD 31; FAS Ch26 "Fifth Ground" 52ff, "Sixth Ground" 70-89; TD 9-10; AS 3.
Two Vehicles 二乘
CH er cheng 二乘
SKT dviyāna
U
Universal Worthy (Bodhisattva) 普賢 (菩薩)
CH pu xian (pu sa) 普賢 (菩薩)
SKT samantabhadra
REF UW 5; SS V 65-68.
upāsaka 優婆賽
CH you po sai 優婆賽, jin shi nan 近事男
SKT upāsaka
PALI upāsaka
upāsikā 優婆夷
CH you po yi 優婆夷, jin shi nü 近事女
SKT upāsikā
PALI upāsikā
V
vajra 金剛
CH jin gang 金剛
SKT vajra
PALI vajira
REF VS 3, 81.
Vajra (Diamond) Prajñā Pāramitā Sutra 金剛般若波羅密多經
CH jin gang bo re bo luo mi duo jing 金剛般若波羅密多經, jin gang jing 金剛經
SKT vajra-Prajñā-pāramitā-sūtra
REF VS.
Vasubandhu (Bodhisattva) 世親菩薩
CH shi qin (pu sa) 世親菩薩, tian qin (pu sa) 天親菩薩
SKT vasubandhu
REF HD 9-12;UW 1-3; VBS #20 1-2.
vegetarianism 素食主義
CH su shi zhu yi 素食主義
REF FASP II 29-31; FAS Ch11 214-224; FAS Ch22 59-63; DFS 789-791; LY I 112-114, 116-118; BNS I (Third Minor Precept) 118-119, BRF 63-65; CL I 1-4, 83; CL II 1-3, 5, 7, 9, 63 (=BNS third minor), 142-144; SS III 78-79; SS IV 40-42; SS VI 20-23; SS VII 4-8; BNS I 120-122 (5 allium); DFS IV 790-792; PDS (Dec. 1984) 2, "Verses on a Simple and Practical Way to be Kind to Other Living Beings."
Vinaya 戒 / 毗奈耶
CH jie 戒, pi nai ye 毗奈耶
SKT vinaya
PALI vinaya
REF FASP II(1) 77-78, 86-96; SV 10.
Vinaya School 律宗
CH lü zong 律宗
vows 願
CH yuan 願
SKT praṇidhāna
PALI paṇidhāna
REF DFS VII 1195 1197; UW xiii; FAS Ch22 154.
W
Way-[[place 道場
CH dao chang 道場
SKT bodhimaṇḍa
PALI bodhimaṇḍa
REF SS VI 70-77.
world systems 世界
CH shi jie 世界
SKT lokadhātu
PALI lokadhātu
REF EDR VI 206-210, 260-261; EDR VIII 215-216; FAS Ch5(1) 14, 102, 107, 109; FAS Ch5-6 frontis., 48.
X
Xuanzang (Tripiṭaka Master) 玄奘 (三藏法師)
CH xuan zang (san zang fa shi) 玄奘 (三藏法師)
REF HS 13-14; HD 15-19 FASP II(2) 80, 82.
Xuyun (Chan Master) 虛雲 (禪師)
CH xu yun (chan shi) 虛雲 (禪師)
REF PB I and II; VBS #17 (Aug. 1971) 1-2.
Y
yojana 由旬
CH you xun 由旬
SKT yojana
PALI yojana
Z
Zhiyi (Venerable) 智顗 (法師)
CH zhi yi (fa shi) 智顗 (法師)
REF FASP II(2) 1-4; DFS I 1,15,17-18,35,53,55; VBS #129 (Feb. 1981) 1.
Fair Use Sources
Fair Use Sources:
* Buddhism A to Z - A Buddhist Encyclopedia
* 84,000 Dharma Doors - A Comprehensive Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Buddhism
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